Islamic Inheritance Calculator (Miras) | Free Online Shariah Calculator
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ
Based on Islamic Law (Shariah) Islamic Inheritance Calculator (Miras)
Total Estate Value
Spouse
Children
Parents
Inheritance Shares
This calculator is for general guidance only. For complex cases, please consult with a qualified Islamic scholar (Mufti) who specializes in inheritance law (Fara’id).
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Comprehensive Guide to Islamic Inheritance (Miras)
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ
Islamic inheritance law (Miras/Mirath) is a divine system of wealth distribution prescribed by Allah (SWT) in the Holy Quran. This comprehensive guide explains the principles, rules, and calculations of Islamic inheritance.
“It is prescribed for you, when death approaches any of you, if he leaves wealth, that he make a bequest to parents and next of kin, according to reasonable manners. (This is) a duty upon Al-Muttaqun (the pious).” (Al-Baqarah 2:180)
Core Principles of Islamic Inheritance
1. Divine Wisdom and Distribution
- The shares are predetermined by Allah (SWT)
- No one has the right to modify these shares
- The system ensures fair and just distribution
- Maintains family welfare protection
- Ensures social justice and economic balance
- Prevents poverty through fair distribution
2. Mandatory Implementation
Implementation is obligatory after:
- Payment of funeral expenses
- Settlement of debts
- Execution of valid will (maximum 1/3 of the estate)
Quranic Foundations
Key Verses on Inheritance
- General Rule:
“Allah commands you regarding your children: the male shall have the equal of the portion of two females…” (An-Nisa 4:11) - Parents and Spouse:
“For parents, a sixth share of inheritance to each if the deceased left children…” (An-Nisa 4:11) - Siblings:
“If a man dies leaving neither children nor parents, but has a brother or sister, then for each of them is a sixth…” (An-Nisa 4:12)
Prophetic Guidance
“Give the shares to those who are entitled to them, and what remains goes to the nearest male heir.” (Sahih al-Bukhari)
The 12 Quranic Heirs
Primary Heirs
- Spouse (Husband/Wife)
- Children (Sons and Daughters)
- Parents (Father and Mother)
Secondary Heirs
- Grandparents
- Grandchildren
- Siblings
- Nephews and Nieces
- Uncles and Aunts
- Cousins
- Step-siblings
- Other relatives
- Adopted children (special rules apply)
Fixed Shares in Islamic Inheritance
1. Spouse Shares
- Husband’s Share:
- 1/2 if no children
- 1/4 if children exist
- Wife’s Share:
- 1/4 if no children
- 1/8 if children exist
- (Share divided equally if multiple wives)
2. Children’s Shares
- Son: Receives twice the share of a daughter
- Daughter:
- 1/2 if single daughter
- 2/3 divided equally if multiple daughters
- Share reduced proportionally with sons
3. Parents’ Shares
- Father:
- 1/6 if the deceased has children
- Residuary if no children
- Mother:
- 1/6 if the deceased has children
- 1/3 if no children
- 1/3 of the remainder in some cases
Special Cases and Considerations
1. Awl (Increase in Shares)
When shares exceed the total (more than 1), proportional reduction occurs.
2. Radd (Return)
When shares are less than total, excess returns to proportional heirs.
3. Hajb (Exclusion)
Certain heirs may block others:
- Son blocks grandson
- Father blocks grandfather
- Full brother blocks half-brother
Who Cannot Inherit in Islam?
- Non-Muslims from Muslims
- Murderer from their victim
- Illegitimate children from the father
- Divorced spouse
- Those who renounce Islam (apostates)
Practical Guidelines
Steps for Implementation
- Document all assets and liabilities
- Verify eligible heirs
- Calculate shares according to Islamic law
- Seek scholarly guidance for complex cases
- Document distribution legally
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Delaying distribution
- Mixing inheritance with gifts
- Ignoring debts settlement
- Excluding eligible heirs
- Not documenting properly
📖 Quranic Verses and Their Explanations
Primary Verses on Inheritance
| Verse | Arabic Text | Translation | Explanation | Application |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| An-Nisa 4:11 | يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ ۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ | “Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females.” | – Basic principle of inheritance – Male:female ratio – Children’s shares | Primary reference for children’s inheritance |
| An-Nisa 4:12 | وَلَكُمْ نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ أَزْوَاجُكُمْ إِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُنَّ وَلَدٌ | “And for you is half of what your wives leave if they have no child.” | – Spouse shares – Conditions for different shares – Impact of children | Reference for spouse’s inheritance |
| An-Nisa 4:176 | إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ | “If a man dies, leaving no child but [only] a sister, she will have half of what he left.” | – Sibling inheritance – Kalālah situation – Sister’s share | Guide for sibling inheritance |
Supporting Verses
| Verse | Arabic Text | Translation | Context | Application |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al-Baqarah 2:180 | كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ إِن تَرَكَ خَيْرًا الْوَصِيَّةُ | “Prescribed for you when death approaches [any] one of you if he leaves wealth [is that he should make] a bequest.” | – Importance of will – Obligation to distribute – Planning ahead | Guide for will preparation |
| An-Nisa 4:13 | تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ ۚ وَمَن يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يُدْخِلْهُ جَنَّاتٍ | “These are the limits [set by] Allah, and whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger will be admitted to Gardens.” | – Divine limits – Importance of compliance – Reward for following | Emphasizes divine nature of laws |
| An-Nisa 4:14 | وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَهُ يُدْخِلْهُ نَارًا | “And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger and transgresses His limits – He will put him into the Fire.” | – Warning against non-compliance – Seriousness of matter – Divine accountability | Stresses importance of following rules |
Verses Related to Special Cases
| Verse | Arabic Text | Translation | Special Case | Application |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| An-Nisa 4:7 | لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ الْوَالِدَانِ وَالْأَقْرَبُونَ | “For men is a share of what parents and close relatives leave.” | General inheritance rights | Establishes universal right to inherit |
| An-Nisa 4:8 | وَإِذَا حَضَرَ الْقِسْمَةَ أُولُو الْقُرْبَىٰ | “And when [other] relatives and orphans and the needy are present at the [time of] division.” | Presence during distribution | Guidance for distribution process |
| An-Nisa 4:9 | وَلْيَخْشَ الَّذِينَ لَوْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّةً ضِعَافًا | “And let those fear who, if they left behind weak offspring, would fear for them.” | Care for dependents | Protection of vulnerable heirs |
Prophetic Traditions Supporting Quranic Verses
| Related Verse | Hadith | Explanation | Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| An-Nisa 4:11 | “Give the shares to those who are entitled to them, and what remains goes to the nearest male heir.” | – Clarifies order of distribution – Role of residuary heirs | Implementation guidance |
| Al-Baqarah 2:180 | “It is not permissible for any Muslim who has something to will to stay for two nights without having his last will written.” | – Importance of timely will – Obligation of documentation | Will preparation guidance |
| An-Nisa 4:12 | “Learn about inheritance and teach it, for it is half of knowledge.” | – Importance of learning rules – Complexity of subject | Educational emphasis |
📊 Quick Reference Tables
Basic Share Distribution Table
| Heir | Condition | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Husband | No children | 1/2 |
| Husband | With children | 1/4 |
| Wife | No children | 1/4 |
| Wife | With children | 1/8 |
| Daughter | Single | 1/2 |
| Daughters | Multiple | 2/3 |
| Son | With sister | 2:1 ratio |
| Father | With children | 1/6 |
| Mother | With children | 1/6 |
Modern Assets Valuation Table
| Asset Type | Valuation Method | Documentation Required |
|---|---|---|
| Real Estate | Market value | Property deed, valuation report |
| Business | Book value + goodwill | Financial statements, audit report |
| Investments | Current market value | Portfolio statements |
| Digital Assets | Current value | Account details, access info |
| Gold/Jewelry | Market weight value | Purchase receipts, valuation |
Common Scenarios Table
| Scenario | Primary Heirs | Share Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear Family | Wife, Children | Wife: 1/8, Rest: Sons(2x) & Daughters(1x) |
| No Children | Spouse, Parents | Spouse share first, then parents |
| Only Daughters | Daughters | 1/2 for one, 2/3 for multiple |
| Only Siblings | Full Siblings | Equal between brothers, 2:1 for sisters |
Special Cases Table
| Case Type | Description | Ruling | Example Calculation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Awl (Shares Exceeding) | Total shares exceed 100% | Proportional reduction of all shares | Estate: $100,000 Wife (1/4): $25,000 2 Sisters (2/3): $66,667 Mother (1/6): $16,667 Total exceeds, reduce proportionally |
| Radd (Return) | Shares less than 100% | Excess returned to proportional heirs | Estate: $100,000 Daughter (1/2): $50,000 Mother (1/6): $16,667 Remaining $33,333 returned proportionally |
| Kalālah | No parents or children | Special rules for siblings apply | Estate: $90,000 1 Sister (1/2): $45,000 2 Brothers: Split remaining $45,000 |
| Missing Person | Heir’s status unknown | Each is treated as predeceasing others | Estate portion held for legally defined period (varies by country) |
| Simultaneous Death | Multiple deaths (accident) | Estate: $100,000 Daughter (1/2): $50,000 Mother (1/6): $16,667 The remaining $33,333 returned proportionally | Separate inheritance calculations for each deceased |
| Illegitimate Child | Child born out of wedlock | Inherits only from mother’s side | Excluded from father’s inheritance, full rights from mother |
Complex Family Situations Table
| Situation | Heirs Present | Share Distribution | Special Considerations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Multiple Marriages | – Current Wife – Children from multiple marriages | 1. Full siblings first 2. Paternal siblings next 3. Maternal sibling’s last | Children from all marriages have equal rights |
| Step-Siblings | – Full Siblings – Half Siblings (paternal) – Half Siblings (maternal) | Full inheritance rights if born within the maximum pregnancy period | Full siblings can block half siblings |
| Grandchildren | – Children’s Children (when own children deceased) | Take their parent’s share | Only inherit if their parent would have inherited |
| Posthumous Child | Child born after father’s death | Must be born within a recognized gestation period | Full siblings can block half-siblings |
Special Financial Cases Table
| Case Type | Treatment | Documentation Needed | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joint Property | Division based on contribution | – Ownership proof – Contribution records | Unless the estate is is named as beneficiary |
| Business Assets | Market value at death | – Business valuation – Financial statements | Consider ongoing operations |
| Digital Assets | Include in estate | – Access information – Account details | Include cryptocurrencies, online accounts |
| Insurance Policies | Separate from estate | – Policy documents – Beneficiary details | Unless the estate is named as the beneficiary |
| Debts & Liabilities | Must be settled first | – Debt documentation – Creditor claims | Priority over inheritance distribution |
Modern Special Cases Table
| Modern Situation | Islamic Ruling | Implementation | Key Considerations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retirement Accounts | Part of estate | Calculate total value at death | Consider tax implications |
| Intellectual Property | Inheritable asset | Value future royalties | Consider ongoing income |
| Green Card/Visa Status | If specified in the will | Full inheritance rights apply | Subject to local laws |
| Organ Donation | Calculate the total value at death | Not part of estate calculation | Follow local regulations |
| Digital Legacy | Include in estate | Provide access details | Consider platform policies |
💡 Practical Examples with Calculations
Case Study 1: Nuclear Family
Estate Value: $500,000
Heirs: Wife, 3 Sons, 2 Daughters
Step 1: Wife’s Share
- Wife gets 1/8 = $62,500
- Remaining: $437,500
Step 2: Children’s Shares
- Total shares = (3 sons × 2) + (2 daughters × 1) = 8 shares
- Each son gets: 2/8 × $437,500 = $109,375
- Each daughter gets: 1/8 × $437,500 = $54,687.50
Case Study 2: Extended Family
Estate Value: $360,000
Heirs: Husband, Mother, Father, 1 Daughter
- Husband’s share (1/4) = $90,000
- Mother’s share (1/6) = $60,000
- Father’s share (1/6 + residuary) = $60,000 + residuary
- Daughter’s share (1/2) = $180,000
Case Study 3: Childless Marriage
Estate Value: $200,000
Heirs: Wife, Full Brothers, Father
- Wife’s share (1/4) = $50,000
- Father takes the remainder as closest Asaba = $150,000
- Brothers blocked by father
Modern Considerations
Types of Modern Assets
- Digital assets
- Intellectual property
- Investment portfolios
- Insurance policies
- Retirement accounts
Expert Guidance
For detailed consultation and expert advice on Islamic inheritance matters, visit:
Contact IQRA Expert
Our qualified scholars can help with the following:
- Inheritance calculations
- Documentation guidance
- Islamic legal advice
- Estate planning
- Conflict resolution
Why Choose IQRA Expert:
- Qualified Islamic scholars
- Experience in modern finance
- Comprehensive guidance
- Shariah compliance
- Professional documentation
Note: This guide is for educational purposes. Always consult qualified scholars for specific cases.
“And Allah knows best” (والله أعلم)
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